Guddoomiyaha California Jerry Brown
Toddobaadkii hore,Guddoomiyaha California Jerry Brown waxa uu saxiixay sharciga golaha 2998 (AB 2998) oo sharci noqday, kuwii ugu dambeeyay ee taxane ah oo sharci California ah oo faraya jaangooyooyinka gubanaya alaabta guriga ee kor loo qaaday.Si aan si buuxda u fahanno muhiimada ay leedahay heerkan xeerinta caafimaadka deegaanka, aynu marka hore dib u eegno taxanaha sharciyada hore ee khuseeya codsiga dib u dhigista ololka ee xumbo alaabta guriga.
La baxay kuwii hore - TB 117
Sannadkii 2013, Qaaxada 117 ayaa wax laga beddelay iyadoo laga jawaabayo fahamka sii kordhaya ee ku saabsan saamaynta caafimaad ee la xidhiidha soo-gaadhista ololka iyo habka dabka qoysku caadi ahaan u bilaabo una faafo.Baadhitaano saynis ah oo aad u badan ayaa soo ururay 38kii sano ee la soo dhaafay laga soo bilaabo TB 117, taas oo muujinaysa soo-gaadhis baahsan iyo khataro caafimaad oo suurtagal ah oo ka iman kara isticmaalka dab-dejinta ee xumbo alaabta guryaha la deggan yahay.Labo natiijadood oo muhiim ah oo la xidhiidha Qaaxada 117 ayaa ah in saamaynta caafimaad ee iman karta ee la xidhiidha soo-gaadhista ololka daba-dheeraada ay muhiim tahay, isticmaalka baahsan ee dab-dejinta dabka ee alaabta guryaha ayaa ah mid aan waxtar u lahayn ka-hortagga iyo yaraynta darnaanta dabka guriga.2
Dib u eegisyada ku jirta TB 117-2013 waxay ka tarjumaysaa fahamka ah in dabka qoysku uu caadi ahaan bilaabmo marka dharka dibadda ahi uu dab qabsado (tusaale, sigaar qiiqaya)Sidan oo kale, xeerkii ayaa loo beddelay si loo beddelo
Tijaabada ololka furan ee 12-ilbiriqsi ee xumbo gudaha ah oo leh tijaabo qiiq ah oo ku taal marada dibadda ee gabalka.3
Qaar ka mid ah ayaa dhaleeceeyay Qaaxada 117-2013, iyaga oo leh in kasta oo ay tahay horumar, shuruudaha gubista alaabta guriga waa in ay sii ilaaliyaan caafimaadka macaamiisha iyo deegaanka. Mamnuuci isticmaalka dab-demiska dabka ee alaabta guriga ee korsan.5
Ku cusub?Guddoomiyaha ayaa saxiixay AB 2998
Dhismaha Capitol ee Gobolka California
AB 2998-kii dhawaan la ansixiyay waxa uu dhaafsiisan yahay TB 117-2013 taas oo ay ujeedadeedu tahay in la yareeyo soo-gaadhista qoyska ee kiimikooyinka ololaya ee alaabta macaamiisha.Hadda waa sharciga ugu adag ee Maraykanka ee nidaaminaya soo-gaadhista holac la deggan yahay.Iyadoo la tixraacayo helitaanka Gobolka California ee ah "in kiimikooyinka ololaya aan loo baahnayn si loo bixiyo badbaadada dabka,"6 Golaha Sharciga 2998 wuxuu xaddidayaa codsiga dib u dhigista ololka ee alaabta macaamiisha siyaabaha soo socda:
-Waxay mamnuucday iibinta iyo qaybinta alaabada cusub ee dhallinta, joodariyaasha, iyo alaabta guriga korsan ee ay ku jiraan kiimikooyinka ololka celinaya oo gaaraya 1,000 qaybood halkii milyan6
-Waxay ka mamnuucdaa korsaarayaasha inay hagaajiyaan, soo kabtaan, soo celiyaan, ama dib u cusboonaysiiyaan alaabta guriga korsan iyadoo la isticmaalayo qaybaha beddelka ee ay ku jiraan kiimikooyinka dab-demiska ee heerarka ka sarreeya 1,000 ppm.6
Xadka Cusub ee Dabciyaasha Ololka Waxay Leeyihiin Saamayn Qaran
Waxaa xusid mudan, tani waa markii ugu horeysay ee sharciga California uu dejiyo xadka ugu badan ee lagu daro ololka ee alaabta guryaha la deggan yahay.AB 2998 waxa kale oo ay xoojisaa luqadda Qaaxada 117-2013, taas oo gebi ahaanba mamnuucaysa wax-ku-daridda ololka ee 18 qaybood oo kala duwan oo ah alaabta dhallinta.Xigashada dukumeentiga hagida komishanka Badbaadada Alaabada Macaamiisha ee 2017 ee ku boorinaysa joojinta organohalogen flame retardant ee badeecadaha kala duwan ee macaamiisha,7 AB 2998 waa talaabo kale oo muhiim ah oo ku saabsan nidaaminta waxyaabaha lagu daro ololka ee alaabta guryaha la deggan yahay.
Iyadoo AB 2998, Kaliforniya waxay dejisay siyaasadda hogaaminaysa si loo yareeyo isticmaalka dib u ololka ee alaabada macaamiisha iyo soo-gaadhista aadanaha.Marka la eego in macaamiisha Californian ay ka kooban yihiin 11.1% ee Maraykanka qofkiiba alaabta guriga iyo iibka gogosha,8 saamaynta AB 2998 ayaa hubaal ah inay noqon doonto mid aad u fog.Balse waxa la sugayo ayaa ah in dalka intiisa kale ay ku dayan doonaan.
-Madeleine Valier Tixraacyada:
.Xafiiska California ee Dayactirka Elektrooniga iyo Qalabka, Alaabta Guriga iyo Dahaarka kulaylka.Farsamada Farsamada 117: Warqadda Xaqiiqda ee Agabka Guryaha La Korray ee Deganaanshaha.(https://www.bearhfti.ca.gov/industry/tb_117_faq_sheet.pdf).
.Babrauskas, V., Blum, A., Daley, R., iyo Birnbaum, L. Dib-u-kicinta Dabka ee Xumbada Alaabooyinka: Faa'iidooyinka iyo Khatarta.(http://greensciencepolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Babrauskas-and-Blum-Paper. pdf).
.Xafiiska California ee Dayactirka Elektrooniga iyo Qalabka, Alaabta Guriga iyo
Dahaarka kulaylka.Warka Farsamada 117-2013.2013 Juun.(https://www.bearhfti.ca.gov/about_us/tb117_2013.pdf).
.Golaha Difaaca Kheyraadka Qaranka.Kiimikada Dib u Dhigta Ololka Sunta leh
Waa in aad tagtaa26ka Abriil 2018.
(https://www.nrdc.org/experts/avinash-kar/toxic-flame-retardant-chemicals-have-gotta-go)
.Machadka Siyaasadda Sayniska Cagaaran.Xeerka cusub ee California TB117-2013:
Waxa loola jeedaa?2014 Febraayo 11.
(http://greensciencepolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/TB117-2013_manufacturers_ 021114.pdf).
.Golaha Guud ee California.AB-2998 Alaabta macaamiisha: Alaabta ololka celisa.29ka Sebtembar 2018.
(https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180AB2998).
.Guddiga Badbaadada Alaabta Macmiilka ee Maraykanka.Dukumeentiga Hagidda ee Ku-darka Khatarta ah, Dib-u-celiyayaasha Ololka Organohalogen-ka-Polymeric ee Alaabaha Macmiilka qaarkood.Diiwaangelinta Federaalka.2017 Sebt 28. 82 (187):45268-45269.(https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2017-09-28/pdf/2017-20733.pdf)
.StatistaAlaabta guriga iyo gogosha ee Maraykanka laga bilaabo 2014 ilaa 2020, by
gobolka (hal milyan oo doolarka Mareykanka ah.) Laga soo galo: https://www.statista.com/statistics/512341/us-furniture-and-bedding-sales-by-state/.
Waqtiga post: Sep-03-2018